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Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2014 Sep 26.
Published in final edited form as:
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2009; 48(5): 872–897.
doi: 10.1002/anie.200802585
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Figure 11

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Mechanism of action of multistage (3rd generation) nanovectors. Top-left: rationally designed stage one particles marginate to the vessel wall and adhere to the endothelium. Top-right: stage one particles release a penetration enhancer to break down tight junctions and the basement membrane and release stage two particles – in this instance, liposomes. Bottom: the stage two liposomes interact with the target cell membrane, and then deliver the intended payload – in this example, siRNA. Reprinted with permission.[151]

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  • Scheme 1

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