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In this Perspective, Joos, Ross and colleagues reflect on current approaches and the challenges of defining a 'healthy' microbiome, and propose an updated framework for interpreting these dynamic ecosystems by incorporating concepts from epidemiology into microbiome study design.
In this Review, Zhou, Tran et al. provide a comprehensive overview of the metabolic reactions by which microorganisms transform inorganic sulfur compounds across varied microbiomes and ecosystems, and explore the link between sulfur cycling microorganisms and climate change.
In this Review, Holmes, Bachman and colleagues explore the prevalence of the major pathogens causing bloodstream infections, prominent mechanisms of bloodstream infection pathogenesis, opportunities for prevention and diagnosis, and treatment options.
In this Review, Amundson et al. examine the importance and diversity of microbial life in the deep terrestrial subsurface and discuss how anthropogenic activity can affect microbial activity and composition in engineered subsurface systems.
In this Review, Belzer and colleagues explore the diversity of the gut bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila, its biological functions and interactions with the host, diet and other members of the microbiota, as well as its association with health and disease and its potential in various applications.
In this Review, Delzenne et al. explore how dietary fibres interact with and modulate the gut microbiota, and discuss their effects on human physiology, particularly in the context of obesity, cardiometabolic diseases and cancer.
In this Review, Crawford and Turocy examine diverse small molecule metabolites produced by the human microbiota, their role as potential risk factors for cancer development as well as novel mechanistic insights demonstrating their association with gastrointestinal cancer.
In this Review, Okombo and Fidock discuss the current antimalarial drug development pipeline and highlight examples of new, promising targets. They also explore different approaches to circumvent antimalarial resistance and how potency against drug-resistant parasites could be retained.
In this Review, Flemming and colleagues aim to explore the roles of microbial extracellular polymeric substances in the environment, in technology and in medicine.
In this Review, Timm, Russell and Hultgren provide an overview of the bacterial and host factors contributing to the development of urinary tract infections, and they highlight new treatment strategies currently under development.
In this Review, Schalk explores the molecular mechanisms involved in siderophore-mediated iron acquisition in bacteria. In addition, the possible applications for siderophores in the environment, agriculture and medicine are also discussed.
In this Review, Gribaldo and co-workers explore the diversity and evolution of Terrabacteria and highlight their unique cell envelopes that deviate from Gram-positive and Gram-negative classifications, challenging traditional views on the bacterial cell envelope. They also discuss the variations in outer membrane biogenesis and speculate on the evolutionary origin of the outer membrane before the last bacterial common ancestor and how it was repeatedly lost.
In this Review, Compant et al. explore the functions, mechanisms, assembly and interactions of plant microbiomes, highlighting current applications and their limitations. They also discuss how recent advances could lead to new or improved applications and identify research gaps crucial for harnessing microbiome functions in sustainable plant production.
In this Perspective, Rumbaugh and Whiteley explore the advantages and limitations of current medical biofilm models and outline a framework for quantitatively assessing model accuracy.
In this Review, Holmes and colleagues explore the mechanisms by which healthcare functions as a driver, reservoir and amplifier of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and they explore opportunities and innovative solutions to mitigate healthcare-associated AMR and promote healthcare resilience.
In this Review, Kunath et al. explore the interaction between the oral and the intestinal microbiota and how they influence each other and the development of different diseases.
In this Review, Gilbert and Hartmann examine the microbial ecology of indoor spaces, the factors that influence the microbiome of the built environment, and their influence on human health.
In this Review, Duffy et al. examine the malaria vaccine landscape, showcasing both achievements and setbacks over the past decades. They discuss approaches and assays for different parasite stages, summarize recent advancements, propose a decision-making process for the field and identify future priorities to address unmet needs.
Most plants form symbioses with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, which themselves harbour endobacteria and hyphospheric bacteria. In this Review, Duan et al. explore how nutrients are transferred between the partners in this plant–fungus–bacterium continuum.
In this Review, Stanton and colleagues examine the effect of different whole diets on the composition and function of the gut microbiome and explore how the diet–microbiome relationship influences human health and the progression of different chronic diseases.
