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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="index.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">1.</strong> 精益副业</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="01.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.</strong> 为什么副业特别重要</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="0101.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.</strong> 职业可能性</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="010101.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.1.</strong> 职业的四大象限</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="010102.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.2.</strong> 没有副业的职业</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="010103.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.1.3.</strong> 副业带来的可能性</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="0102.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.</strong> 职业自由度</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="010201.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.1.</strong> 从中指备用金说起</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="010202.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.2.</strong> PlanB和反脆弱</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="010203.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.2.3.</strong> 全新的工作自由度</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="0103.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.</strong> 职业成长性</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="010301A.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.1.</strong> 新技术练兵场</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="010302.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">2.3.2.</strong> 业务敏感度</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="02.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.</strong> 如何优雅地做副业</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="0201.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.</strong> 想明白核心资源和核心优势</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="020101.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.1.</strong> 副业的核心资源</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="020102.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.1.2.</strong> 副业的核心优势</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="0202.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.</strong> 时间片</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="020201.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.1.</strong> 时间片的销售</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="020202.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.2.</strong> 时间片的优化</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="020203.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.2.3.</strong> 突破时间片限制</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="0203.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.</strong> 资产和被动收入</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="020301.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.1.</strong> 什么是资产</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="020302.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.2.</strong> 资产的获得方式</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="020303.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">3.3.3.</strong> 资产的量化评估</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="03.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.</strong> 优选资产</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="0301.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.</strong> 知识和人脉的变现</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="030101.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.1.</strong> 付费视频课</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="030102.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.2.</strong> 付费专栏</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="030103.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.3.</strong> 付费社群</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="030104.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.1.4.</strong> 图书出版</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="0302.html" class="active"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.2.</strong> 自有产品和服务</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="030201.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">4.2.1.</strong> 应用市场卖APP</a></li></ol></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="04.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.</strong> 精益副业</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="0401.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.1.</strong> 精益副业流程</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="040104.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.1.1.</strong> 商业模式画布</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="040105.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.1.2.</strong> 最小可行产品和产品市场契合</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="0403.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.</strong> 精益独立开发实践</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="040301.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.1.</strong> 独立开发的精益流程</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="040302.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.2.</strong> 福利单词项目简介</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="040303.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.3.</strong> 福利单词的商业模式画布</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="040304.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.4.</strong> 通过用户画像细化客户</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="040305.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.5.</strong> 画像→场景→功能和分期</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="040306.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.6.</strong> 什么是好的商业设计</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="040307.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.7.</strong> 人人能用的四大原则</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="040308.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.8.</strong> 独特Logo解决方案</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="040309.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.9.</strong> 使用AdobeXD设计界面</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="040310.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.10.</strong> 个人支付解决方案</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="040311.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.11.</strong> 使用「兔小巢」处理用户反馈</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="040312.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.2.12.</strong> 2A3R漏斗和增长优化</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="0402.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.3.</strong> 精益网课变现实践</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="040207.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.3.1.</strong> 大纲的注意点</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="040209.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.3.2.</strong> 通过预售验证销量</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="040210.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.3.3.</strong> 常见的课程片段类型</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="040211.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.3.4.</strong> 文稿讲义类课程片段的制作</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="040212.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.3.5.</strong> 屏幕录制类课程片段的制作</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="040213.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.3.6.</strong> 真人出镜类课程片段的制作</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="040214.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.3.7.</strong> 虚拟形象类课程片段的制作</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="040215.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.3.8.</strong> 最常用的视频剪辑操作</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="040216.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.3.9.</strong> 最常用的音频处理操作</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="040217.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.3.10.</strong> 字幕的制作和自动生成</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="040218.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.3.11.</strong> 流量池和二次购买</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="040219.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.3.12.</strong> 如何有效地反盗版</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="0404.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.4.</strong> 进一步提升副业的鲁棒性</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="040401.html"><strong aria-hidden="true">5.4.1.</strong> 网课+独立开发的双引擎副业模式</a></li></ol></li></ol></li></ol>
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<h1 id="自有产品和服务"><a class="header" href="#自有产品和服务">自有产品和服务</a></h1>
<p>那接下来我们就来聊聊程序员的专业领域 —— 通过开发自有的产品和服务、作为 side project 运营来变现。</p>
<h2 id="需求的发现"><a class="header" href="#需求的发现">需求的发现</a></h2>
<p>首先要说的是很多同学都很困扰的问题。</p>
<p>我以前以为最困扰的问题应该是如何抽出时间和精力来做一个项目，但后来发现还有一个同样甚至更为困扰大家的问题，那就是有了时间以后，不知道做什么。</p>
<p>通常来讲，解决方案有两种。</p>
<p>一种是通过日常的工作和生活发现原生需求；另一种是通过观察分析和阅读报告来发现。</p>
<h3 id="原生需求"><a class="header" href="#原生需求">原生需求</a></h3>
<p>最靠谱的方式就是，留意那些我们自己在日常的生活和工作中遇到的困扰，然后为它去做解决方案，最后把这个解决方案做成产品，出售给有同样需求的人。</p>
<p>这种需求叫做原生需求，不是我们因为有了某个技术而幻想出来的应用场景。原生需求不是等我我们去寻找，而是它会主动找到我们。这种需求非常真实可靠。</p>
<p>但有一个问题，我们程序员相对于整个大众来讲，其实是一个非常小众的人群。这个人群有一些独特的文化、行为和思考方式。所以程序员遇到的原生需求，很可能只适合程序员人群，而不适合其他更为大众的市场。这就让它的目标市场比较小。</p>
<p>而程序员又是一个动手能力非常强、开源文化深入骨髓的群体，绝大部分的解决方案都能找到开源项目，或者改几行代码就能实现了。一些大公司还时不时的开源一堆非常强悍的工具，所以面向这个群体的免费或开源工具很受欢迎，但收费工具却是非常难做的。</p>
<p>反而是如果你在非专业领域有一些更为大众的兴趣爱好，从那些方面来发现需求的话，难度就会下降很多。</p>
<h4 id="需求的验证"><a class="header" href="#需求的验证">需求的验证</a></h4>
<p>另外要重复强调的就是，需求的验证不能以口头承诺甚至免费用户来验。做需求分析的时候你去问，很多都会说我觉得这个东西挺好的。但你让他们付钱的时候情况就完全不同了。</p>
<p>大家可以回想下自己在过去一年里边，为哪些软件或服务支付超过 100 元人民币。我之前发过一篇微博问我的粉丝（大部分是程序员），后来发现绝大部分都是一些资源型的服务，比如视频会员、云主机、网课、网盘；软件就非常少了。所以我们还是要尽可能的从更广泛的人群里去发掘更值钱的需求来做。</p>
<h4 id="降低起始难度"><a class="header" href="#降低起始难度">降低起始难度</a></h4>
<p>上边并不是说程序员人群的需求不能做，而是说难度比较高。</p>
<p>作为副业，我们投入的精力是有限的，如果一上来就是玩 Hard 模式，失败的概率会非常高。如果经常失败的话，最后就变成一种习惯了，渐渐的，也就会不再想去做副业，甚至连创业的冲动也跟着没有了，这就非常可惜。</p>
<h3 id="观察分析和阅读报告"><a class="header" href="#观察分析和阅读报告">观察分析和阅读报告</a></h3>
<p>另一个路径是观察分析那些已经在挣钱的应用，阅读它的用户评论，发现可以改良的点，制作更好的产品。这个工作量还是很大的，所以也可以考虑直接购买一些分析报告。</p>
<p>这里的分析报告不是那种行业的通用报告，那是针对创业公司和大公司的，需要投入很多资源，以爆发式增长的方式去推动，并不适合副业。</p>
<p>最近在国外开始有一些专门针对副业和 Side project 的分析报告。他们收集整个市场的信息，然后针对大致一亿美金以下的细分市场做趋势分析。这种市场一般冲着上市去的创业公司看不上，所以留下了比较大的市场空间。</p>
<p>我最近读过报告的有两家，一家是 Trends.vc，另一家是 SoftwareIdeas.io。不过这两家本身也是初创或副业业务，不知道各位读到这本书的时候是否还在运营。这里最主要的还是给大家提供一种思路。</p>
<p>我们在做副业的时候，也需要慢慢来改变我们的一些习惯。比如说对于程序员来讲，绝大部分的东西都是可以自力更生的。所有能自己做的就自己做，不能自己做的，我们会找开源项目。这样我们会更有安全感，做的事情也会更加靠谱。但是我们在做商业的时候，尤其是在做副业的时候，遇到的问题就在于我们的精力是非常有限的，在价格适中、又有购买能力的情况下，更好的方式是通过购买而不是自己开发。</p>
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