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Marie-Line Joffret, Sophie Jégouic, Maël Bessaud, Jean Balanant, Coralie Tran, Valerie Caro, Barbara Holmblat, Richter Razafindratsimandresy, Jean-Marc Reynes, Mala Rakoto-Andrianarivelo, Francis Delpeyroux, Common and Diverse Features of Cocirculating Type 2 and 3 Recombinant Vaccine-Derived Polioviruses Isolated From Patients With Poliomyelitis and Healthy Children, The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 205, Issue 9, 1 May 2012, Pages 1363–1373, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jis204
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Abstract
Background. Five cases of poliomyelitis due to type 2 or 3 recombinant vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPVs) were reported in the Toliara province of Madagascar in 2005.
Methods. We sequenced the genome of the VDPVs isolated from the patients and from 12 healthy children and characterized phenotypic aspects, including pathogenicity, in mice transgenic for the poliovirus receptor.
Results. We identified 6 highly complex mosaic recombinant lineages composed of sequences derived from different vaccine polioviruses and other species C human enteroviruses (HEV-Cs). Most had some recombinant genome features in common and contained nucleotide sequences closely related to certain cocirculating coxsackie A virus isolates. However, they differed in terms of their recombinant characteristics or nucleotide substitutions and phenotypic features. All VDPVs were neurovirulent in mice.
Conclusions. This study confirms the genetic relationship between type 2 and 3 VDPVs, indicating that both types can be involved in a single outbreak of disease. Our results highlight the various ways in which a vaccine-derived poliovirus may become pathogenic in complex viral ecosystems, through frequent recombination events and mutations. Intertypic recombination between cocirculating HEV-Cs (including polioviruses) appears to be a common mechanism of genetic plasticity underlying transverse genetic variability.